检索历史 清除

低白蛋白血症是失代偿期肝硬化的重要临床特征之一。随着疾病的进展，不仅仅是总白蛋白浓度降低，保持结构及功能完整的白蛋白比例也随之降低。白蛋白结构和功能的完整性对于其在体内发挥正常生理作用至关重要。由此提出了"有效白蛋白浓度"的概念，其在晚期肝硬化患者中可能远低于常规临床测量的总白蛋白浓度。液相色谱串联质谱及电子顺磁共振技术为有效白蛋白检测的新兴技术，展现出了临床应用前景，但在肝硬化患者中的研究尚处于初步阶段。因此现综合最新研究，从有效白蛋白的检测方法、液相色谱串联质谱以及电子顺磁共振的原理及其在有效白蛋白检测中的应用等方面进行综述。

Hypoalbuminemia is one of the important clinical features of decompensated cirrhosis. As the disease progresses, not only does the total albumin concentration decrease, but so does the proportion of albumin that remains structurally and functionally intact. The structural and functional integrity of albumin is essential for its normal physiological role in the body. This led to the concept of "effective albumin concentration," which may be much lower than the total albumin concentration routinely measured clinically in patients with advanced cirrhosis. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EMR) are emerging technologies for effective albumin concentration detection, showing promising clinical application prospects, but research in patients with cirrhosis is still in the preliminary stage. Therefore, this article will comprehensively summarize the latest research on the aspects of effective albumin detection methods, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and electron paramagnetic resonance, as well as their applications.