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侵袭性真菌病发病率在世界范围内逐渐增加，世界卫生组织和美国疾病预防控制中心相继发布了重要文件，呼吁提高对侵袭性真菌病的重视程度和认知水平，以应对侵袭性真菌病对全球造成的威胁。霉菌是侵袭性真菌病的重要病原菌之一，且发病率高、死亡率高，临床诊断和治疗面临极大挑战。中国初级卫生保健基金会检验医学研究与转化专业委员会、中国manbet官网登录 协会临床微生物实验室专业委员会和全国真菌病监测网侵袭性霉菌感染监测项目组组织专家制定该文件，对曲霉菌属、毛霉菌目、镰刀菌属、赛多孢菌属、节荚孢霉属、拟青霉属、暗色霉菌、双相真菌（马尔尼菲篮状菌和荚膜组织胞浆菌）共8种临床重要侵袭性霉菌的实验室诊断方法及要点形成共识，并对实验室诊断及与临床沟通过程中遇到的六大常见问题形成专家共识，旨在为提升侵袭性霉菌感染的实验室诊断能力提供借鉴和指导。

The incidence of invasive fungal diseases is increasing worldwide and with an upward trend. The World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have issued relevant documents highlighting the importance on increased awareness of invasive fungal diseases. Invasive molds are the main pathogenic fungi with a high incidence and mortality rate. Clinical diagnosis and treatment in these fungal diseases are facing great challenges. This document is led by the Professional Committee of Laboratory Medicine Research and Translation, the China Primary Health Care Foundation, the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory Professional Committee of the China Hospital Association and Team of Fungal Diseases Surveillance System Mold Infectious Net. A consensus on the diagnostic methods and key points of infections caused by Aspergillus spp., Mucorales, Fusarium spp., Scedosporium spp., Lomentospora spp., Paecilomyces spp., dematiaceous molds, and dimorphic fungus ( Talaromyces marneffei, Histoplasma capsulatum) are provided for the six high-frequency questions in clinical laboratory diagnosis and clinical communication. The aim of this expert consensus is to provide reference and practical guidance for improving the diagnostic capabilities of laboratories for invasive fungal diseases.