Abstract： Objective To explore the correlation between the rs290487 and rs7903146 single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)of TCF7L2 gene and the occurrence of diabetic kidney disease(DKD)in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)population in Hebei region.Methods Epidemiological and clinical data as well as SNP data at TCF7L2 rs290487 and rs7903146 sites were collected from 317 non DKD patients and 302 DKD patients.The correlation between SNP at rs290487 and rs7903146 sites and DKD was analyzed through a case-control design.Results The genotype frequency distribution at the rs290487 and rs7903146 loci of the two TCF7L2 genes conforms to the Hardy-Weinberg genetic balance(P>0.05),and the allele frequency distribution conforms to the Hardy-Weinberg genetic balance(P>0.05).Single factor logistic regression analysis of genetic models for different genotypes at rs290487 locus showed that the risk of DKD in TC+CC genotype carriers was 2.772 times that of TT genotype carriers in the dominant model.Multivariate logistic regression analysis of genetic models for different genotypes at rs290487 locus showed that the risk of DKD in TC+CC genotype carriers was 2.837 times that of TT genotype carriers.Conclusions TC and CC genotypes at rs290487 sites of TCF7L2 gene are risk factors for DKD,and gene mutation at rs290487 sites may be associated with DKD in T2DM population in Hebei.