Abstract： Objective:Analyze the impact of smoking on the mortality and life expectancy of residents in Tianjin in 2019.Methods:Use mortality case-control study method to collect all cause of death cases of residents in Tianjin in 2019 for analysis. After adjusting for the 5-years-old age group, education level, and marital status, the smoking attributed deaths from different diseases of different genders, smoking attributed deaths in different age groups, and their impact on life expectancy were analyzed.Results:The total number of deaths in 2019 was 75 254, with 42 201 males (56.1%). Among male deaths, 3 215 (9.9%) were attributed to smoking, of which 2 157 (50.2%) lung cancer deaths were attributed to smoking; The risk of lung cancer death among smokers was 3.075 times higher than that of non-smokers (95% CI: 2.812-3.364); Among the 33 053 female deaths (43.9%), 1 396 (5.8%) were caused by smoking, with 744 (29.1%) lung cancer deaths attributed to smoking. The age group with the highest number of deaths attributed to smoking for women was the 75-<80 years old age group, followed by the 70-<75 and 80-<85 years old age groups. The age group with the highest proportion of deaths attributed to smoking for men was the 55-<60 years old age group. In addition, smoking accounts for more than 60% of deaths in the 60-<65, 45-<50, 55-<60, and 65-<70 years old age groups. In 2019, the loss of life expectancy attributed to smoking deaths among all residents in Tianjin was 1.13 years, with a loss of 1.15 years for males and 0.57 years for females. The expected life expectancy excluding deaths caused by smoking was 82.92 years, 80.77 years for males and 84.61 years for females. Conclusions:Smoking remains one of the important risk factors for death among residents. Promoting effective measures to reduce smoking rates is an effective way to increase life expectancy.